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The increasing demand for sustainable and decentralized energy solutions has driven the development of micro-biogas power generation systems, where internal combustion engines (ICEs) serve as prime movers. This paper reviews the technological advancements and structural configurations of ICEs designed for biogas combustion in generator installations with a power output not exceeding 50 kW. The study explores the adaptation of spark-ignition and dual-fuel engines, optimization of compression ratios, fuel delivery systems, and ignition strategies to enhance efficiency and reliability. Additionally, it examines the impact of biogas composition on engine performance and emissions, addressing the challenges posed by variations in methane content and impurities. The review provides insights into recent innovations, including engine modifications for lean-burn operation and the integration of advanced control systems for improved efficiency and durability. By synthesizing current research and practical applications, this work aims to guide the selection and development of optimized ICE solutions for micro-biogas-based distributed energy generation.