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In Brazil, there is an emission control program for heavy duty vehicles named PROCONVE (Air Pollution Control Program for Automotive Vehicles). The present phase of this program is equivalent to EURO V, with the EURO VI equivalent phase scheduled to start in 2022. Brazil has also a long tradition of using biofuels, including biodiesel blends since early 2000. Nowadays the biodiesel blend is 10% v/v mandatory, but there is a new renewable fuel program named RenovaBio that intends to increase this percentage to 15% v/v  at 2023 and higher values for the future. In this context, Petrobras Research Center- Cenpes tested several biodiesel blends in different heavy duty engines, including EURO VI technology, regarding the impact on the emissions. The results indicate emissions increase of NOx for some technologies with higher content of biodiesel. Besides that, aftertreatment system durability is also a concern. So, to keep up with the renewable fuel mandate and mitigate those negative impacts the introduction of renewable diesel (HVO–Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil) in Brazil is under discussion.