Lista zgłoszonych artykułów

The observed increase in demand for freight and passenger transport is leading to greater consumption of energy, most of which still comes from fossil fuels. This results in the transportation sector remaining one of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions. On the other hand, transport activities bring significant benefits to the economy by generating revenue for the state budget and contributing to the gross domestic product. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between total final energy consumption in transport, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from transport and state budget revenues using Poland as an example. The study was conducted using Johansen's cointegration method and related Trace and Max-Eigenvalue test statistics. Once the cointegration relationships were determined, the IRF function was applied to assess the dynamics between the time series and identify the main transmission channels (so-called “shocks to the system”). The study showed that total final energy consumption in transport is a strong determinant of both CO2 emissions and government revenues. In the case of Poland, reducing energy consumption in transport can be an effective way to reduce CO2. Changes in budget regulations can also affect carbon emissions from transportation, but the effect is not immediate and is spread out over time. The scale of the changes taking place therefore remains dependent on long-term government strategies. The results obtained may provide support in the context of shaping the future state policy, in order to, on the one hand, strive for economic development, and thus also increase budget revenues, but at the same time optimize energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the growing demand for transport.